The first Future Earth Research School on “Water Resources, Land-use and Forestry”, a series of high-level courses to understand and anticipate future global environmental challenges, took place in Bologna, Italy, from 20 June to 2 July 2022. Participants discussed practical solutions and innovative approaches to understand, assess and manage growing water-related risk occurrences.  Substantial changes in the water cycle have been observed worldwide due to the rising average global temperatures, as reported by the IPCC. Variations in precipitation and water regimens are becoming more extreme directly impacting the distribution of water resources. As extremes intensify, water-related hazards increase and so does…